Plenary Lecture
Rudolph A. Marcus
Electron transfer in chemistry, electrochemistry and biology
R. A. Marcus (California Institute of Technology, USA)
Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics 127-72, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125 USA
The field of electron transfer now incorporates many areas of
interfacial and bulk phase phenomena. These include electron transfers
at many interfaces, metal/liquid, semiconductor/liquid, polymer/liquid,
and liquid/liquid, as well as studies as varied as solar energy
conversion and solvent dynamics of polar media. Some of the developments
in these fields will be described in this lecture.
Invited Talks
Robert J. Gordon
Using the Phase of Light as a Photochemical Tool
Robert J. Gordon (University of Illinois at Chicago, USA)
Department of Chemistry (m/c 111) , University of Illinois at
Chicago, 845 West Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 60607-7061 USA
Coherent control of atomic and molecular processes rely on quantum
mechanical interference of competing excitation paths, which produce
a phase lag between different product channels. This phase lag
is a signature of control that can be exploited to maximize the
yields of selected products. We have also found, however, that
there is a wealth of dynamical information that can be learned
from the energy dependence of the phase lag, which we explore
in this paper.
Sakai Hirofumi
Alignment of neutral molecules by intense nonresonant laser fields
We show that a strong nonresonant laser pulse can be used to align
neutral molecules. The technique, applicable to both polar and
nonpolar molecules, relies on the anisotropic interaction between
the strong laser field and the induce dipole moment of molecules.
The alignment is measured by photodissociating the molecules with
a femtosecond laser pulse and detecting the direction of the photofragments
by imaging techniques.
Keitaro Yoshihara
Primary Electron Transfer in Plant Photosystem I Reaction Center
Shigeichi Kumazaki 1, Isamu Ikegami 2, Hiroko Furusawa 1, Shuichiro
Yasuda 1, and Keitaro Yoshihara 1 (1Japan Advanced Inst. of Sci.
& Tech. and 2 Teikyo Univ.)
Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Tatsunokuchi,
Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
All the photosynthetic reaction center (RC) complexes belong to
the two types: the photosystem (PS) I / green sulfur bacteria
and PS II / purple bacterial type, judging from the homologies
of proteins and cofactors. They seem to have differentiated in
the early era of Earth's history and have efficient electron transfer
systems that enable conversion of solar energy with high quantum
efficiency. We present mechanism and dynamics of the primary and
secondary ET in the PS I RC and compare with that in purple bacterial
RC.
Hideki Minoura
Electrochemical/Photoelectrochemical Processing of Compound Semiconductors for Solar Energy Conversion
Minoura Hideki (Gifu University)
Graduate School of Engneering, Enviromental and Renewable Energy System Division, Gifu University
Jan Augustynski
Photoelectrochemistry of mesoporous oxide semiconductors
Jan Augustynski (Department of Chemistry, University of Geneva,
Switzerland)
Prof. Jan Augustynski, Universit_ de Gen_ve, Chimie Appliquee
30, quai E, Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneve 4, Switzerland
The persisting interest in mesoporous nanocrystalline semiconducting
films is associated with their useﾊ(i) as an electronically conducting matrix of dye-sensitized electrodes
being a part of liquid-junction photovoltaic cells and alsoﾊ(ii) as a site of photoelectrochemical or photocatalytic reactions
occurring under band gap illumination. This lecture is aimed at
discussing peculiar properties of such oxide semiconducting materials
with particular emphasis on charge separation and charge transport
phenomena.
Masakazu Anpo
The Design and Development of Unique Titanium Oxide:
Photocatalysts Capable of Operating under Visible Light Irradiation
by Applying Ion-Engineering Techniques
Masakazu Anpo (Osaka Prefecture University)
The design of environmentally-friendly photocatalysts operating
under solar beam irradiation is the most important challenge facing
chemical scientists for the 21st century. The present study deals
with detailed investigations into designing chemically stable
and efficient titanium oxide photocatalysts which are able to
operate under solar or visible light irradiation by applying ion-engineering
techniques.
R. Srinivasan
Laser Ablation of Polymers: a 20-year Perspective
R. Srinivasan (UVTech Associates, U.S.A.)
UVTech Associates, USA 98 Cedar Lane, Ossining, NY 10562, USA
It is almost 20 years since ultraviolet laser ablation and etching
of organic polymers and tissue was discovered at the IBM Research
Center in Yorktown Heights, New York. Both scientific and technological
interest in this phenomenon has grown very rapidly in these two
decades. The progress to date and the future that can be anticipated
will be discussed.
Hiroshi Fukumura
Laser-Induced Molecular Implantation into Polymer Surfaces for
Fabricating Photo-Functional Devices
Hiroshi Fukumura (Tohoku University)
By using pulsed lasers, functional organic molecules can be implanted
space-selectively into the surfaces of polymers without the decomposition
of the molecules. This is due to localized transient heating as
a result of the photothermal conversion. The spatial extent of
the implanted region remains less than a micrometer, which would
enable us to fabricate various kinds of photo-functional devices.
Kazuyuki Hirao
Control of Nanocrystallization from Glasses by Femto-second Laser
Irradiation
K.Hirao and Y.Kondo (Kyoto University)
Recent breakthrough technique of Control of nanocrystallization
from glasses by photochemical reaction using femtosecond laser
in glasses developed by researchers at Hirao ERATO Project opens
a new and reliable way of fabrication of photonics components,
such as three-dimensional integrated optical circuits, optical
switches and amplifiers.
Zeev Valy Vardeny
Laser Action of pi-Conjugated Polymers in Films, Microstructures
and Photonic Crystals
Z. V. Vardeny, S. V. Frolov, D. Chinn, M. N. Shkunov, K. Yoshino,
A. Fujii, R. V. Gregory, R. Baughman, and A. A. Zakhidov (University
of Utah, USA)
Department of Physics, University of Utah, 115S 1400 E Rm 201,
Salt Lake City, UT84112-0830, USA
Recent studies of lasing, stimulated emission, and transient emission
and photoinduced absorption at high excitation intensities in
luminescent pi-conjugated polymer thin films and microcavities
will be presented. Specifically the optical properties and emission
spectra of cylindrical, high-Q polymer thin film microcavities
and of distributed feedback and random cavities in opal photonic
crystals will be discussed.
Heinz Baessler
Exciton Dissociation in Conjugated Polymers
Heinz Baessler (Institute of Physical, Macromolecular and Nuclear
Chemistry and Material Science Center, Philipps University, FRG)
Institut f_r Physikalische Chemie, Philipps- Universit_t Marburg,
Hans-Meerwein-Str. D-35032 Marburg, Germany
The question how neutral excitons in conjugated polymers dissociate
into charge carriers will be discussed. Experimental techniques
involve photoconduction and fluorescence as well as delayed fluorescence
under an electric field. Time dependent studies on a ladder type
poly-para-phenylene indicate that recombination of geminately
bound electron-hole pairs are the major source of delayed fluorescence.
Takahiro Seki
Photoresponsive Monolayers for Polymer Chain Manipulation
Takahiro Seki (Research Laboratory of Resources Utilization, Tokyo
Institute of Technology)
We introduce here our new results on light manipulation of polymer
chains in two aspects; (1) photomechanical response of photochromic
polymeric monolayer at interfaces, and (2) on-demand active controls
of chain organizations of other polymers such as polysilane using
this monolayer. Such monolayer-assisted photoprocesses may provide
new opportunities for polymer science and processing.
Masahiko Sisido
Photoinduced Electron Transfers in Engineered Proteins and Model
Peptides
Masahiko Sisido (Okayama University)
Site-directed nonnatural mutagenesis was carried out on streptavidin
and cytochromo b5 to incorporate various fluorescence groups and
electron acceptors. Site-to-site photoinduced electron transfer
was studied on the engineered proteins. Distance dependence of
the ET rates on proteins was compared with that measured on model
peptides.
Shinji Hayashi
Effects of Impurity Doping on the Photoluminescence Properties
of Nanocrystalline Si
Shinji Hayashi (Kobe University)
Although the photoluminescence (PL) properties of nanocrystalline
Si have been investigated intensively during the past decade,
effects of impurity atoms on the PL properties are not yet well
known. In this talk, I will present our recent results of PL measurements
for B- and P-doped nanocrystalline Si as well as for SiGe alloy
nanocrystals. I will show that the PL intensity and wavelength
are controllable by the impurity doping. I will also discuss the
mechanisms of the changes in PL properties caused by the doping.
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