"External Costs of Road Transport in Japan" 

Shinya Koyama¹, Atsuo Kishimoto²

¹Kobe University of Commerce
²National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

9th World Congress on Transport Research (Seoul, Korea 2001/7/24)

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Abstract

We estimate the external costs of air pollution, climate change, noise, traffic accidents, uncovered infrastructure and congestion. The aggregate external costs amount to 32.5 (19.7-60.4) trillion yen or 4.6 (4.0-12.3) % of GDP.

Keywords

road transport, external cost, Japan, air pollution, climate change